At Adam Vital Hospital, we specialize in diagnosing and treating spinal conditions with precision, helping patients regain mobility, strength, and confidence in their daily lives. In this blog, we’ll explore what spinal stenosis is, its causes, symptoms, and the treatment options available today.
What is Spinal Stenosis?
The spine is a complex structure made up of vertebrae, discs, ligaments, and nerves. Normally, there is enough space within the spinal canal for the spinal cord and nerve roots to pass freely. Spinal stenosis occurs when this canal narrows, compressing the nerves and causing pain, numbness, or weakness.
Spinal stenosis can occur in different parts of the spine:
Cervical stenosis – narrowing in the neck region, often causing numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arms and hands.
Lumbar stenosis – narrowing in the lower back, frequently leading to leg pain, cramping, or difficulty walking.
Understanding the type and location of stenosis is essential for determining the most effective treatment.
Common Causes of Spinal Stenosis
Several factors can contribute to the development of spinal stenosis:
- Age-Related Degeneration
The most common cause is wear and tear associated with aging. Disc degeneration, thickening of ligaments, and formation of bone spurs gradually narrow the spinal canal.
- Arthritis
Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can lead to changes in spinal structure, including bone growths and inflammation that compress nerves.
- Herniated Discs
Discs act as cushions between vertebrae. A herniated or bulging disc can press against the spinal cord or nerve roots, reducing space in the canal.
- Congenital Conditions
Some individuals are born with a naturally narrow spinal canal, increasing susceptibility to symptoms as they age.
- Trauma or Injury
Accidents, fractures, or spinal injuries can lead to stenosis by altering the alignment or structure of the spine.
- Tumors or Growths
Although less common, abnormal growths within the spinal canal can also compress nerves.
Recognizing the Symptoms
Spinal stenosis can develop gradually, and symptoms often worsen over time. Common signs include:
Back or neck pain that worsens with standing or walking
Numbness or tingling in the arms, hands, legs, or feet
Weakness in limbs, causing difficulty in walking or balancing
Cramping in legs during activity, often relieved by sitting or bending forward
Reduced coordination and difficulty with fine motor tasks (in cervical stenosis)
Since these symptoms overlap with other spinal conditions, proper evaluation is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
How Spinal Stenosis is Diagnosed
At Adam Vital Hospital, diagnosing spinal stenosis involves a combination of clinical examination and advanced imaging:
Physical Examination
Our specialists assess mobility, reflexes, muscle strength, and sensory function to identify nerve involvement.
Imaging Tests
X-rays: Reveal bone changes, arthritis, or spinal alignment issues.
MRI scans: Show detailed images of discs, ligaments, and nerve compression.
CT scans: Useful when MRI is not possible, providing cross-sectional images of the spine.
Electrodiagnostic Tests
Nerve conduction studies may be used to evaluate the function of compressed nerves.
These tests help determine the location, severity, and cause of stenosis — essential for planning the most effective treatment.
Treatment Options
The treatment approach depends on the severity of symptoms and how much they affect daily life. At Adam Vital Hospital, we offer both conservative and surgical solutions:
- Non-Surgical Management
For mild to moderate cases, non-invasive treatments can effectively manage symptoms:
Physiotherapy: Strengthening core and back muscles to reduce pressure on nerves.
Medications: Anti-inflammatory drugs, pain relievers, or muscle relaxants.
Lifestyle Modifications: Weight management, posture correction, and activity adjustments.
Epidural Injections: Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation and nerve pain.
- Surgical Intervention
If non-surgical methods fail or symptoms are severe, surgery may be recommended to relieve nerve compression:
Laminectomy: Removal of part of the vertebra to widen the spinal canal.
Foraminotomy: Widening the passage where nerve roots exit the spine.
Spinal Fusion: Stabilization of the spine in cases of severe degeneration or instability.
Our experienced orthopedic and neurosurgical team ensures minimally invasive techniques wherever possible, reducing recovery time and enhancing outcomes.
Why Choose Adam Vital Hospital
At Adam Vital Hospital, we combine advanced diagnostic technology, expert surgical care, and personalized rehabilitation to treat spinal stenosis effectively. Our focus is on:
Accurate diagnosis using MRI, CT, and clinical assessments
Minimally invasive surgical techniques for faster recovery
Expert physiotherapy and rehabilitation programs
Holistic patient care to restore mobility and independence
By addressing both symptoms and underlying causes, we ensure patients experience lasting relief and improved quality of life.
Final Thoughts
Spinal stenosis can affect daily life, limit mobility and causing persistent discomfort. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are key to preventing complications and regaining independence.
At Adam Vital Hospital, our multidisciplinary approach ensures every patient receives a personalized plan, whether through conservative therapy or surgical intervention. If you are experiencing back pain, numbness, or difficulty walking, don’t wait — a professional assessment today could help restore your mobility and comfort.